4D-Printed Smart Materials and Structures

4D-Printed Smart Materials and Structures: Mechanics, Modeling, and Advanced Engineering Applications provides a thorough introduction to the fundamentals of the mechanics, manufacturing, modeling and applications of 4D printed smart materials and structures. The book starts by covering the basic theories, definitions and fabrication details of 4D printing and various smart materials such as shape memory polymers, stimuli-responsive hydrogels, pneumatic soft actuators, dielectric elastomer soft robots, liquid crystal elastomers, shape memory alloys, and magnetic stimulus structures. The book then examines the mechanics of these materials and their various applications, covering topics such as variable stiffness, miniature-sized 4D printing, and more.

The book also includes a chapter on machine learning in 4D printing and provides applications in mechanical, aerospace, civil and structural engineering, among others.